The first to discover was Luigi Galvani. This is what a funny incident happened to him. He, you see, was a foodie. However, there were enough gourmets without him, but Galvani was also a dude - this is the combination of the whole thing. He once demanded that to eat the frog legs he was given not some silver knife and fork, but that the knife - okay, silver, but the fork is certainly platinum. The waiter, anticipating entertainment, did not argue. As soon as Galvani poked his guns on his unfinished paws, this delicacy made an attempt to stick from a plate. “What the ... what ... what?” Galvani was stunned. “Yes, you just galvanize them, señor!” The waiter explained to him, choking with laughter. So electrophysiology was born ...

In his anatomical Galvani, he killed an entire batch of frogs and set about scientifically set experiments. He made a stunning conclusion at that time - the frog, they say, has the same “animal electricity” as the electric stingray. “Oh, times, oh, morals!” Alessandro Volta, who loved animals, and frogs, especially moaned, learning about this. “It's not a frog, but two different metals!” To prove his words, Volta demonstrated an elegant experience in which, unlike Galvani, he wittily used his own language instead of a frog.

By the way, the language did not require cutting and dissection for this; it worked well already. “And yet unconvincing,” Galvani retorted, and in order to prove his point, he made a frog over such that the prepared sample fluttered without touching any metals there. This Volta could not bear, and therefore he invented his famous pole - a source of contact voltage. It is possible that this invention saved not one thousand frogs from a premature death, since Galvani was thinking about their quartering on an industrial scale in order to mount the world's first power station - at the court of the Pope. Nevertheless, the struggle between the “Galvanians” and the “Voltians” continued for quite some time. And only V.I.Lenin subsequently established that, not owning a dialectical approach to the issue, both of them flogged nonsense.

But the voltaic pole - this is not a glass disk with fur lining, you do not need to rotate it! In order to properly mark such a discovery, Volta invited his foreign friends Om and Ampere to a beer. Having drained his mug, Volta ...

The most significant in car batteries are the following three indicators:

Firstly, it is a capacity expressed in ampere hours. It characterizes the ability of the battery to give a certain current for a certain time. For example, a capacity of 40 ampere-hours means that the battery can give a current of 1 ampere for 40 hours (or 2 amperes for 20 hours, etc.)

Thirdly, reserve capacity. This parameter, especially revered in America, shows the time interval (in minutes) during which the battery is capable of producing a current of 25 A (i.e. for how long it can replace a failed generator).

What is inside?

A standard car battery consists of six 2-volt cells, which gives 12 volts at the output. Each element consists of lead grating plates coated with an active substance and immersed in an electrolyte. Negative plates are coated with finely porous lead, while positive plates are coated with lead dioxide ...

Everyone knows that no one is safe from the effects of storms, hurricanes, storms and other natural disasters.Therefore, it should be soberly aware that the next rainstorm with the same probability can leave without light both a small office and a huge corporation. What to do in the event of a cable break or some kind of malfunction? Call electricians? Or rent a robot that independently does all the work much faster, and possibly better. Say fiction? Of course, who will develop robots-electricians, if there are more interesting applications for these silicon creatures. And you don’t have to go far - robotic singers and bartenders, nannies and teachers, doctors, toys. And here I do not agree.

Scientists have created a robot that, in stand-alone mode, will be able to independently test or diagnose many kilometers of the power cable, identify problems and possibly even determine “preliminary” malfunctions, which, in the future, can cause network problems.

Professor, electronic engineer Alexander Mamishev told the press that such a development is the first in the industry ...

We will assemble a more stable, elegant and compact version of the electric motor.

We use the mounting plate as the base, which will provide us with a stable base and internal electrical connections, and the AAA battery as the frame for the coil.

In the form of an experiment, we wind only 5 turns of wire to make sure whether our electric motor will work with such a coil. For convenience, add a current switch.

Here is the motor in assembled form, and here - and in working condition. As you can see, everything works ...

The direct transformation of light energy into electrical energy underlies the operation of generators containing chlorophyll. Chlorophyll can give and attach electrons when exposed to light.

In 1972, M. Calvin put forward the idea of ​​creating a solar cell, in which chlorophyll would serve as a source of electric current, capable of taking away electrons from certain specific substances under illumination and transfer them to others.

Calvin used zinc oxide as a conductor in contact with chlorophyll. When illuminating this system, an electric current with a density of 0.1 microamperes per square centimeter appeared in it.

This photocell did not function for long, since chlorophyll quickly lost its ability to donate electrons. To extend the duration of the photocell, an additional electron source, hydroquinone, was used. In the new system, green pigment gave away not only its own, but also the hydroquinone electrons.

Calculations show that such a 10-square-meter photocell can have a power of about kilowatts.

Japanese professor Fujio Takahashi used chlorophyll extracted from spinach leaves to generate electricity. The transistor receiver to which the solar panel was connected worked successfully.

In addition, studies are underway in Japan to convert solar energy into electrical energy using ...

Loss of thyristor performance may occur due toand:

a) open circuit inside the device (combustion);

b) loss of controllability (combustion of the control electrode circuit);

c) loss of locking ability in the forward or reverse direction (breakdown);

d) breakage of conclusions.

An inoperative thyristor can be detected using an AC voltmeter, an ohmmeter, or a test circuit.

An inoperative thyristor in a circuit under AC voltage can generally be determined using ...

The specifics of the development of modern civilization, especially in the last ten years, cardinally changes our lives.Two trends deserve the most attention.

The first is the rapid development of everything related to computer technology. This is not only a computer in every home and workplace, not only the Internet and “toys”. If you look more closely, then we have all been hostages of computer technology for a long time. Almost any device now has a control chip in its composition, which, in principle, is the same small computer. This is a TV, and a washing machine, and a mobile phone, and a camera, and a keychain to the car, and the car itself ...

Now in my office at work about 60! CPU control ... This is already very serious! If the microprocessor used to cost tens and hundreds of dollars, now you can buy a control chip for less than a dollar!

The second trend is an increase in the cost of energy, and everything related to the mining industry ...

In the city of Livermore (California, USA) there is a unique light bulb, which was screwed in in 1901 and has since been on without interruption. This is an absolute record that entered the Guinness Book of Records. A webcam is installed in front of a unique light bulb at Fire Station No. 6, so the light bulb can be seen on the Internet. How was this possible?

It is known that the main face of light bulb burnout is the gradual wear of a tungsten filament. This filament is heated almost to the melting point of tungsten (3300 ° C), otherwise you will not receive intense light flux. At this temperature, the tungsten atoms in the crystal lattice vibrate intensively and some of them come off and go into space, settling on the walls of the flask. Gradually, the thread becomes thinner, and in the thinnest place the temperature goes beyond the melting point, the thread burns out.

Obviously, to increase the life of the bulb, it is necessary to install a thicker thread. But at the same time, to maintain the resistance of the thread, it is necessary to increase its length. A twofold increase in the diameter of the thread leads to an 8-fold increase in the mass of tungsten. And tungsten is an expensive metal, so current light bulb manufacturers are trying to save it.

But there is another reason for lamp wear, which almost no one knows about. The thing is...

Before installing the outlet, you must turn off the circuit breaker in the electrical panel in the apartment or on the stairwell. In this case, you must make sure that it has worked and there is no voltage in the outlet. This can be checked using a screwdriver indicator or a multimeter.

To install the sockets, we need the following tools: level, knife, pencil, screwdriver, pliers, wire cutters.

Consider installing a double socket, where in one part it will be electric, and in the other a telephone jack. For ease of installation, the wires should protrude from the box by 50 - 80 millimeters. For strict horizontal installation of the outlet, using the level, mark on the sides of the place of internal mounting of the outlet. Having pulled out the wires, carefully clean their ends from the factory insulation. The bare ends of the wires, preferably not longer than 10 millimeters.

Modern wiring has three wires and is called a three-wire, one of the three wires is grounding, the other phase and the third neutral wire. The indoor unit of the outlet is equipped with three terminals, to which these three cores are connected.

After checking that the wires are not intertwined under the outlet, we begin the installation, according to our marking ...

If you have a faucet leaking in the bathroom - do not despair. Make a small impeller, substitute it under dripping water. Convert the rotation of the impeller to an electric current. Your light will burn for free.

One time, leafing through statistics, I came across a table listing the distribution of professions by area of ​​employment, that is, by place of work (manufacturing, transportation, medicine, science, business, etc.)

What was the surprise when almost in every column of a separate industry and even in several directions there was a particular electrical engineering specialty.

Roughly estimating received about 85% of industries can not exist without a serious electrical contingent.

Serious!

This is not two or three electricians on duty, but their own electric workshop, workshops, laboratories. These are enterprises operating electrical equipment of medium complexity and medium capacity.

Why is this all?

And the fact that the great need for electrical personnel continues to grow. It is necessary to fill in creative interesting empty places!

And who should fill in, if not those who know all the advantages and even the magnificence of these professions.

It is difficult to understand the situation when many people have all the makings and opportunities to devote themselves to this area of ​​activity, but they do not use it ...