An article on how to choose a professional electrician.

If you fall into pessimism, and from its "heights" look at your apartment, the picture, I tell you, seems joyless. It turns out that our apartment is an endless source of disasters.

Let's start with the smallest - you can fall out of the window (if you look through the eyes of a pessimist, it will be obvious), from the balcony you can fall. The bathroom is just a crowd of disasters. The toilet is clogged, the taps are leaking, the risers are breaking, as a result, the neighbors are drowning. But the worst danger is the wiring ...

This is a collection article that describes and uses the most common chemical power sources at present.

In the modern world, portable power supplies are indispensable. They are used in all digital, consumer electronics and not only.

The quality and duration of a particular appliance depends on the correct choice of the battery. Below are the types of current sources and a description of their advantages and disadvantages.

The life of this battery is about 90-3700 discharge-charge cycles. Electromotive force (EMF) - 1.3 Volts. Self-discharge is about ten percent per month. Application temperature: -10 to 40 ⁰FROM ...

Many people, nowadays, very often have a question about why multicore and single-core wires are needed and for what purpose this or that type is used? I will try to give a clear, clear answer to this question. To do this, we will simply consider the following items separately: the structure (structure) of the multicore and single-core wires, the scope and main advantages of each type of conductor.

A single-core wire is a wire in which the cross section is formed by one conductor (current lead, residential). A stranded wire is a wire whose cross section is formed by several, sometimes intertwined, veins. Also, to give the wire more flexibility and elasticity, a thread can be woven with veins (it resembles kapron thread in strength and composition) ...

When designing or repairing appliances, household equipment, the problem often arises: how to weld certain parts. Buying a welding machine is not easy, but making it yourself ...

In this article you can get acquainted with a simple home-made welding machine, made according to the original scheme.

The welding machine operates on a 220 V network and has high electrical characteristics. Thanks to the use of the new form of the magnetic circuit, the weight of the device is only 9 kg with overall dimensions 125 x 150 mm. This is achieved by using a tape transformer iron rolled into a torus shape, instead of the traditional package of W-shaped plates. The electrical characteristics of the transformer on the magnetic pipe are approximately 5 times higher than that of the W-shaped, and the electrical losses are minimal ...

Garden lighting design is divided into two areas. The first includes technical issues that an electrical engineer deals with, and in the second case, the architect determines how organically the technical elements fit into the overall composition of the garden.

When illuminating an open space, the main thing is decorative design and ensuring normal orientation in space. In addition, outdoor lighting is often used to protect and provide traffic.

Types of lighting are divided into technical, decorative, flood and accompanying. All types are compatible with each other.

There is an easy way to create coverage of the territory is the uniform arrangement of the same type of fixtures. This method is great for lighting alleys, paths, and areas of your garden. Most often, floor lamps are used, the design of which has three fundamental stylizations: high-tech, functional and antique. The effectiveness of their work with competent lighting design does not depend on stylization.

No one can name the exact date of the scientific discovery of the fact that electric charges can be accumulated using special devices, later called Leiden banks and later developed in devices called electric capacitors. But it can be argued that after 1745. with the help of the Leyden jar, it was possible to find out the high speed of the spread of electricity, its effect on the human and animal body, the possibility of igniting combustible gases with electric sparks, etc. Thousands of researchers are trying to use this device for the needs of the national economy. However, for some reason no one is trying to study the Leiden bank itself.

The first question to nature on the bank itself is asked by the great American self-taught scientist Benjamin Franklin. Recall that the Leyden jar at that time was an ordinary corked bottle of water, into the cork of which an iron rod was inserted that touched this water. The bottle itself was either held in hands or placed on a lead sheet. That was her whole device.

Franklin wondered where in this simple apparatus made of glass of metal and water electricity could accumulate. In an iron rod, water or the bottle itself? ...

For low-voltage devices, power 6, 9, 12 or 27 V is often supplied from a laboratory autotransformer (LATR). And since the current consumption in this case is several amperes, wear (erosion) of the winding turns occurs at the contact point of the current collector, the LATR begins to “jam”.

The performance of the LATR is fully restored if the low-voltage voltage is removed from other turns of the autotransformer. It is enough to connect the load between the current collector and the second terminal "220 V", making an additional output "Load 2" from it. Now, when the current collector moves from it to the lower position, the voltage will change from 0 to 30 V, when the slide moves in the opposite direction, the voltage is regulated in the range 0 - 220 V. Moreover, the low-voltage voltage is removed from the undamaged sections of the transformer winding ...

What is so sorely lacking at the right time for a person who keeps up with progress and keeps track of all the technical innovations? Of course, outlets.

According to the law of meanness known to all of us, the sockets in our apartments are for the most part located in the most uncomfortable way, which creates a lot of problems for us, but conducting new ones is quite expensive, and extension cords are constantly breaking and terribly interfering. There is no question of convenience and comfort in such situations, but now it is no longer a problem. The inquiring mind of a person is in constant creative search, trying to make life easier for his master.

Another such “relief” this time was a hybrid of an ordinary outlet and the same ordinary extension cord ...

To conduct water supply and sewerage, to make open-air cages for pets and birds, beautiful flower stands and many other things useful in the household, a welding machine made of available parts and materials will help you. With electrodes up to 4 mm in diameter, they can weld metal with a thickness of 1 - 20 mm. The home-made welding machine operates on AC 220 or 380 V.

Its basis is a three-phase step-down transformer 380/36 V, power 1 - 2 kW, designed to supply a low voltage power tool. Even a copy with one burned-out winding is suitable.

Without disassembling the core, remove the secondary windings from all the coils by biting the copper bus in several places. Do not touch the primary windings of the extreme coils, and rewind the middle windings with the same wire, making bends every 30 turns ...

If you live in a house that was built 10-15 years ago, then you probably have already touched on the problems that arise with electrical wiring.

To begin with, at that time our life was not saturated with such a large number of household appliances that consume electricity. Accordingly, the wiring in old houses was done based on a small electricity consumption.

Mostly the electrical wiring was laid by builders using aluminum wires and, often, without grounding. Our time makes higher demands on wiring. But not every landlord understands that it is quite easy to change the electrical wiring in a single room or in the apartment by yourself and it is not at all necessary to contact electricians.

Advantages of self-replacement of wiring: when shutting down the walls of hired workers, they are not at all interested in how well you covered furniture from dust, whether you moved things out of the reach of dirt - they usually work “all over”, and dust and dirt happen many. With independent work, you plan your activity yourself, if necessary, you can even take out all things from any room ...

In a dark room, the light switch always has to be looked for by touch. This task is facilitated by the “firefly” installed on its decorative panel - a luminous neon bulb or LED.

Connect a neon bulb or LED of the AL102, AL307, KL101 and other series in series with a resistor of 100 - 500 kOhm or 100 - 200 kOhm to the terminals of the wall switch. Instead of a neon lamp, you can use a starter for a fluorescent lamp.

In the history of domestic electrical engineering, the year 1893 was marked by two unrelated events. At this time, one of the world's first Electrotechnical Institute in St. Petersburg was founded and the power station at the Novorossiysk elevator was put into operation. It so happened that a year later the head of the department of electrical engineering of this institute M.A.Shatelen completely accidentally ended up in Novorossiysk and visited the elevator. He left here, shocked by what he saw. What struck the metropolitan professor?

It was difficult to surprise the most important specialist in electrical engineering in Russia. He himself was a physicist with an electrical specialization in 1888-1889, he improved his knowledge in France (the birthplace of Coulomb and Ampere) and, having a degree, went from working to chef in the company of Edison, the creator of the world's first district power station.

A little later in the journal "Electricity" No. 19-20 for 1895. his article appeared, where one could read the following: “Stations like Novorossiysk are of great importance in the spread of the use of electricity. When engineers and technicians see such stations, they can make sure that the use of electricity in power transmission is a very simple matter and they can defeat their prejudice against it. ”

The professor had too little time to get acquainted with the station and he himself could not prepare a full-fledged article, and this ended with the words: “It would be nice if the station organizer published the details of its construction and operation.”What reasons prevented the appearance of such an article in the journal at that time is unknown. But she still appeared, though in 1953.

The modern reader will probably be completely perplexed about the prejudices regarding electricity in those not so distant times. But that is exactly so. The average person did not always even want the introduction of electric light, considering it too bright and unhealthy. Among the specialists introducing this lighting, there was an irreconcilable confrontation on the power supply system of installations - direct or alternating current. This enmity has crossed all borders of industry competition, which is known to be the engine of progress ...