For street lighting in settlements, energy-efficient luminaires with sealed reflectors are now used. On highways and major freeways, reflex lighting is often used with a reflective surface inside the luminaire, which allows the creation of powerful streams of directional light. For secondary roads, reflex and diffused lighting are equally suitable.

The most powerful lanterns, with power from 250 to 400 W, are installed on freeways, less powerful ones are used to illuminate secondary roads - 70 - 250 W, and scattered lighting with lamp power from 40 to 125 W is sufficient for pedestrian sidewalks and park areas. Street lighting fixtures in settlements have shades of various shapes: for parks these are balls and cylinders, for wide streets - directional floodlights ...

When the cable design is known, its resistivity is calculated from the resistivity, thickness and length of the metal of the current-carrying core. The specific reactance and length determine the total reactance of the cable. Often, for calculation, it is enough to take a directory with tables and calculate the types of resistances (active and reactive) by cable brand with certain technical characteristics. Knowing the two legs of a right-angled triangle, the hypotenuse is calculated - the value of the complex resistance.

A cable is created to transmit a nominal current. Multiplying its numerical value by the complex resistance, we find out the magnitude of the voltage drop. Both legs are calculated similarly. Next, simple trigonometric calculations are performed.Also, special tables, graphs and diagrams summarized in technical manuals are used to calculate voltage losses. ...

Power surges are one of the most common problems faced by residents of apartments or private houses during the operation of electrical appliances. By the concept of voltage surges we mean, as a rule, short-term or impulse changes in the voltage value, both in the direction of increase and decrease.

Depending on the cause, the voltage drops can have a different frequency, amplitude and total duration. In any case, this phenomenon is abnormal and the question arises of how dangerous it is for household electrical appliances and home wiring and how to eliminate the possible consequences of this phenomenon. In this article, we will consider in detail the question of why voltage surges occur and how to protect oneself from them. First of all, it should be noted that each household appliance is designed for normal operation, provided that it is powered ...

What would you say if you knew that the bulbs in your apartment are capable of something more than just turn on and off at the touch of a button? But what if the color of the glow of the lamps could be independently selected and adjusted? What about controlling the light directly from your smartphone? All this is possible with Philips Hue lamps. These LED lamps will shine in exactly the color that you choose, and with the brightness that you adjust by simply using the application for iPhone or Android. Interesting, isn't it?

The Philips Hue kit includes 3 LED lamps and a wireless controller for them with its own power supply. The lamp bases are the most common E27, the maximum brightness of each lamp of 600 lumens approximately corresponds to a 50-watt incandescent lamp, and the consumption of each Philips Hue lamp is 5 times less than that of an incandescent lamp of a similar brightness ...

Creating comfort in an apartment or house is a multifaceted task, one of the essential elements of which is harmonious lighting of rooms. In the world of modern interior design, many have the desire to create a house with a magnificent design.An important component of the interior design of any room is its lighting.

Having decided to transform your living space and create a new interior in the house, it is worth paying special attention to your ceiling. The original ceiling system will not go unnoticed by guests, and you will be delighted every day. The beauty, quality and grace of a ceiling is largely dependent on its design and lighting. There are many types of ceiling designs, for example, mounted (using drywall) or suspended. There are also combined ceilings. In this article we will talk about the last - stretch ceiling and its lighting ...

A fairly large part of the population still lives in old houses with electrical wiring, which was created for small loads. Just a couple of decades ago, our parents from household appliances worked: one lamp in each room, a refrigerator, a TV, a tape recorder, a radio, stationary and connected to sockets, several portable household appliances such as an iron, hairdryer and a small set of tools.

For these consumers, as a rule, aluminum wiring 2.5 squares was created, protected by two circuit breakers or electrical plugs with an operating current of up to six amperes. Modern household appliances have an increased consumption of electricity, and their number in our apartments has increased dramatically. Powerful vacuum cleaners, washing machines, electric stoves, heated floors, food processors, microwaves ...

Since 2014, the US-Japanese company Power Japan Plus, engaged in the search and development of materials for high-performance batteries, has launched the production of a new type of battery. Scientists from Kyushu University took an active part in the development. These batteries basically have an organic electrolyte, which, however, works with a cathode and anode made from a carbon-based composite, and carbon for the batteries is made from cotton, coffee beans or bamboo.

The new batteries are called Ryden (Ryden dual carbon battery). Unlike today's lithium-ion batteries, Ryden's dual-carbon batteries are the most efficient and most environmentally friendly. Rare and heavy metals are not used here, so the batteries are not expensive and are completely recyclable. This is currently the best way ...

In synchronous jet motors, the principle of creating a rotor torque is somewhat different from asynchronous and traditional synchronous motors. Here the decisive role is assigned to the rotor core itself.

The rotor of a jet synchronous motor does not have windings, even there is no short-circuited winding on it. Instead, the rotor core is made highly heterogeneous in magnetic conductivity: the magnetic conductivity along the rotor is different from the magnetic conductivity across. Thanks to this unusual approach, there is no need for both rotor windings and permanent magnets on it. As for the stator, the stator winding of the jet synchronous motor can be concentrated or distributed, while the stator core and housing remain normal. The whole feature is in the highly heterogeneous core of the rotor.For jet synchronous motors are characteristic ...

When assessing the status of existing electrical installations or performing repair work under voltage, electricians have to measure and compare the values ​​of currents flowing through different circuits.This allows you to analyze the operational scheme, timely eliminate the arising malfunctions. Quite often, all this must be done without breaking the electrical circuits so as not to disrupt the technological process of power supply to consumers.

Measure currents of loads without interrupting power supply using a tool specially designed for this purpose. - current ticks.The device of various models can vary significantly depending on the timing of their manufacture and the complexity of the internal circuit. But the principles of measurement and controls are almost everywhere identical.The basis of the work adopted an ordinary current transformer with a detachable magnetic circuit ...

Stretch ceilings - one of the most popular options for finishing the ceiling in the house. One of the main advantages of suspended ceilings is the concealment of all irregularities, extraneous elements, including elements of home electrical wiring. It is very important to understand that the question of how to make wiring under a stretch ceiling must be resolved before the stretch ceiling is mounted, since there are often situations when during the repair process the issue of replacing or revising an existing wiring is neglected.

Subsequently, improperly installed electrical wiring or electrical wiring, which is in unsatisfactory technical condition, makes itself felt and there is a need to repair it, which entails additional costs for dismantling and installing the suspended ceiling in a room or throughout the house. Choosing a stretch ceiling as a finishing material ...

A voltage transformer is used to measure alternating voltage. This is a step-down transformer with two windings, the primary winding of which is connected to two points of the circuit, between which you need to measure the voltage, and the secondary - directly to the voltmeter. Measuring transformers in the diagrams are depicted as ordinary transformers.

A transformer without a loaded secondary winding operates in idle mode, and when a voltmeter is connected, the resistance of which is high, the transformer remains practically in this mode, and therefore, the measured voltage can be considered proportional to the voltage applied to the primary winding, taking into account the transformation coefficient equal to the ratio of the number of turns in its secondary and primary windings. In this way, a high voltage can be measured, while a small safe voltage is applied to the device ...

In the summer of 2016, one of the founders and the current head of Tesla Motors, Elon Musk, proposed the merger of SolarCity and Tesla Motors. The leader in the installation of solar panels in California, the energy company SolarCity, has for ten years held a high leadership position, and today it is second in the United States. And now, before the end of the year, November 17, an effective meeting of Ilon Mask with shareholders took place, the merger was resolved positively, and all that remained was to settle the legal side of this grandiose promising step.

According to the plan of the Mask, in the summer of 2017, consumers will be given the opportunity to buy Solar Roof shingles for their homes. The tile will be a prefabricated solar panel, and in appearance from the ground it will be very similar to ordinary tiles, with the only difference being that the roof will now be able to generate electricity ...