Sometimes, with a reduced voltage in the network or soldering of massive parts, it becomes simply impossible to use a soldering iron. Here the power regulator for a soldering iron can come to the rescue.

There are many guides and articles on how to perform high-quality soldering. In addition to using high-quality fluxes and solders, the quality of soldering largely depends on the temperature of the soldering iron.

There are many schemes for regulating the power of a soldering iron: from the simplest inclusion of a diode in series with a soldering iron to very complex temperature-stabilizing devices. But, unfortunately, all such devices can only work on lowering the power, i.e. power regulation occurs from 0 ... 100% or 50 ... 100% ...

Carbon thermostat UNIMAT-a new system for the manufacture of underfloor heating, space heating. It has a unique adaptability property and saves energy.

One of the leading companies in South Korea - GT3 has developed and launched the production of a new system for underfloor heating. This carbon rod based system is called Unimat. Another name for this system is “thermomat”.

Using the Unimat heating system, it is possible to create heating in a room of any size and shape due to the fact that the Unimat heating system is based on the principles of infrared radiation.

Structurally, UNIMAT thermomat consists of carbon-fiber rods connected in parallel and is available in rolls up to 30 m long. The rods are designed with a protective coating that protects them from aggressive substances and makes the entire system electrically safe ...

Unusual use of the adjustable zener diode TL431. Simple temperature controller. Description and scheme

Anyone who has ever been involved in repairs of modern computer power supplies or various chargers - for cell phones, for charging "finger" AAA and AA batteries is well known for a small detail TL431. This is the so-called adjustable zener diode (domestic analogue of KR142EN19A). Here it truly can be said: "Small spool, yes dear."

The logic of the Zener diode is as follows: when the voltage on the control electrode exceeds 2.5 V (set by the internal reference voltage), the Zener diode, which is essentially a microcircuit, is open. In this state, current flows through it and the load. If this voltage becomes slightly less than the specified threshold, the zener diode closes and disconnects the load ...

In this article we will talk about living “receivers” of the electromagnetic field, about what electromagnetic waves have learned to perceive in the process of evolution living things and what kind of “devices” they have for this.

Electromagnetic waves permeate us. Their spectrum is wide: from rays with a wavelength of less than 10 - 13 m to radio waves whose length is measured in kilometers. However, living creatures for photobiological processes use only a narrow band of the electromagnetic spectrum from 300 to 900 nm.

The Earth’s atmosphere cuts off, as a filter, life-threatening electromagnetic waves from our luminary. Rays shorter than 290 nm, hard ultraviolet, are trapped in the upper layers of the atmosphere by ozone, and the long-wave sizzling radiation is absorbed by carbon dioxide, water vapor and ozone.

In the process of evolution, "animals" appeared in many animals and even plants, which capture rays from 300 to 900 nm, among them - the eyes ...

Do-it-yourself replacement of electrical wiring in an apartment, private house. Save time and money.

If you started an apartment or house repair, it is advisable to change the electrical wiring. Why it is desirable, because in the 70-80s no one counted on the electrical equipment that is now used in our apartments, and even more so in houses, and repairs were usually made cosmetic.

Nowadays, a lot of household appliances have appeared, such as washing machines, coffee makers, electric kettles, microwave ovens, electric ovens, bread makers, you can list the names of this equipment for a long time, and the question arises of how the old electrical wiring can withstand this technique, with an old power shield, in which there are usually two traffic jams. For this reason, it is necessary to replace the old aluminum wiring with a new, preferably copper ...

Almost every beginner amateur radio seeks at the beginning of his work to construct a network power supply, so that later it can be used to power various experimental devices. And of course, I would like this power supply to “tell” about the danger of failure of individual nodes in case of installation errors or malfunctions.

To date, there are many schemes, including with an indication of a short circuit at the output. In most cases, such an indicator is usually an incandescent lamp included in the load gap. But with this inclusion, we increase the input resistance of the power source or, more simply, limit the current, which in most cases, of course, is acceptable, but not at all desirable ...

Electric ludilka, food: 220 volts. Other name: Chumichka, soldering iron.

Independent manufacture of a simple and reliable electrical appliance designed for tinning copper wires, cable leads with tin-lead solder. It will be useful primarily for electricians, electricians. Electric tinplate tested over many years of use.

Electric tinning allows tinning of wires up to 35 mm² in cross-section.

The size of the tin: long (with handle) - 200 mm, height - 80 mm, cylinder diameter - 70 mm.

Advantages: cheap to manufacture, mobility, low weight, in the off state for a long time keeps the operating temperature, the ability to work outdoors, fast heating ...

In 1870, the English physicist John Tyndall demonstrated an interesting experience in the propagation of light through a stream of water. Light from a carbon arc is introduced through a lens into a water stream. Due to multiple internal reflections of the rays at the boundary of two media - water and air - the jet glowed throughout its length. It was the first light guide - liquid.

After 35 years, another scientist, Robert Wood, suggested that "light without large losses can be transmitted from one point to another, using the internal reflection from the walls of a glass stick." So the idea of ​​a solid transparent light guide came up.

50 years passed from the emergence of this idea to its realization, until in the late 1950s, two-layer glass fibers with different refractive indices were obtained: large in the inner and smaller in the outer layer. As in the Tyndall experiments, due to multiple reflections at the interface of two media, a light beam propagated along the fiber - from the transmitting end to the receiving one ...

An article on the use of a device that allows you to competently distribute the power supplied by electric networks.

The end of the nineties. All free capacities in distribution networks are almost selected. The prices for obtaining permission to connect capacity are galloping at an awful rate.But in order to give, the population needs power, distribution networks need to reconstruct and build a huge number of networks and distribution substations.

Financing for the modernization program is practically not allocated. The consumer has to shoulder the problems of distribution networks. According to the technical specifications issued by the same networks, reconstruct or build high-voltage lines in order to bring the point of connection of their capacities closer to the place of their own construction. To buy equipment or finance the reconstruction of distribution substations. And all this in order to get at home or a cottage not 3 kW, but at least 10 kW. So, we will talk about this category of consumers. I will give an interesting example of the relationship of this category of consumers ...

It is hardly worthwhile to talk in detail about the enormous damage caused by metal corrosion. This is common knowledge. Recall only one (also well-known) figure: approximately a tenth of the metal mined per year is spent to cover the irrevocable corrosion losses.

Summarizing the losses caused by corrosion damage, it is impossible to discount the premature failure of machines, parts, metal structures, and the costs of all kinds of protective measures: the development, production and application of corrosion inhibitors, galvanic and paint coatings.

The last of the listed methods of corrosion protection is the most massive. Varnishes and paints protect cars and pipelines, bridges and tanks, ships and building structures from the damaging effects of the environment. But sooner or later, red traces of rust still appear on the metal surface ...

One of the main drawbacks of squirrel-cage induction motors is their high inrush currents. And if theoretically the methods for reducing them have been well developed for quite some time, then almost all of these developments (using starting resistors and reactors, switching from star to triangle, using thyristor voltage regulators, etc.) were used very rarely.

Everything has changed dramatically in our time, because Thanks to the progress of power electronics and microprocessor technology, compact, convenient and efficient soft-start devices for electric motors (soft starters) have appeared on the market.

Soft starters of induction motors are devices that significantly increase the life of electric motors and actuators operating on the shaft of this motor ...

The doctrine of electromagnetism has been criticized for a long time, speaking about it: incomprehensible, complex, contradictory.

Indeed, there are about a hundred paradoxes in it. However, their theoretical analysis, so to speak, theorization, refinement, despite the usefulness of such a lesson, sometimes still smacks of something cabinet, speculative. In such cases, one involuntarily wants to ask: is there anything new in practice, in experiments, that would even astonish the most experienced theorists?

I must say that unusual experiments, nevertheless explainable within the framework of the existing doctrine, can be counted with a dozen. Among them there are those who finally open the way to a new electrodynamics - clear, simple and logical, devoid of paradoxes.

Let's talk about both. Extremely spectacular look "motors" in which between the electrodes, where the high voltage is connected, a variety of objects rotate frantically. One such wheel was built by Franklin. The principle of its operation is very simple: charges flowing from the electrodes onto the rotor are repelled by the Coulomb forces ...