Since 1879, the safety of people working with electricity has been a hot topic. It was then that the first case of human death from exposure to electric current was registered.

Since then, the number of victims has been increasing all the time. Based on sad statistics, security rules have been created, each item in which is based on someone else's tragedy.

Electricians of various professions have been trained for several years by schools, technical schools, institutes, and specialized courses. After that, graduates of institutions go on an internship at energy enterprises, pass numerous exams and tests. Only after that they are allowed to work independently.

However, even electricians with the highest fifth safety group who have worked for many years due to errors and inattention, sometimes get serious electrical injuries ...

In the houses of the old building on each floor of the entrance, the builders installed an electric input shield. From it they spread an electric network in all rooms. Now another technical decision has been made. All commutations of the electric circuit are carried out inside the apartment where the distribution electric switchboard is mounted.

However, during settlement, it is often necessary to replace or transfer the distribution electrical panel. Cheap designs are simply not capable of fulfilling modern tasks of safe power supply. Even for a modern two-room apartment with 60 m2 of area, more than a dozen electrical circuits are required. Changing the shield model will require lengthening the power cable, and it may be walled up in a concrete wall or not fit in length. It is not always convenient to take a new cable and lay it with an additional routeth, especially when it is fixed ...

When repairing electrical wiring, it is always necessary to have access to the ends of the connecting cables and the contacts of sockets, switches. In modern buildings, a hidden method of installing communications is often used, when all wires are hidden inside the walls for security and design purposes.

To the veins of the cable ends can be reached only at the entrance of the lamp, switch, socket and electrical distribution box. For the convenience of servicing such electrical equipment, certain rules must be taken into account: cables are laid along certain routes provided by the project, in the places where sockets and switches are installed inside the wall, recesses are made to accommodate the corresponding equipment, installation boxes are mounted inside the recesses into which the switches and sockets are mounted. The most favorable time for such work ...

The massive construction of the housing stock and the ongoing reconstruction of old buildings push apartment owners to the need to independently understand the technologies for performing electrical work in their premises. This allows you to create an individual electrical system that meets the specific needs of the owner, rather than using a typical circuit designed for the average consumer.

In order to properly assemble the electrical panel in a newly built apartment, it is necessary to draw up a project, in which it is necessary to provide for the detailed implementation of your needs inside each room, to consider the location of the lights and switches for them, the number of sockets for portable and stationary electrical appliances. Along with electric wires, it is often necessary to lay pipelines for water supply, heating, telephone linesantenna cables ...

Living quarters for people are constantly being improved. They are increasingly appearing electrical appliances that improve life. Electricity consumption increases, and the wires laid during construction generate a resource: metal and insulation age, losing their properties from overloads, heating, ultraviolet radiation and mechanical stress.

The aluminum wiring operated since the times of the USSR has long been in need of replacement. Increased safety requirements canceled the TN-C system, which did not provide for the grounding of electrical appliance housings, the use of a potential equalization system, and protection against leakage currents.

Owners of old apartments do not always imagine how wires are placed in their rooms, because there are many options for laying them. The main classification of wiring is carried out by type of installation ...

Many homeowners are concerned about the proper operation of household appliances, the safety of electrical wiring, and the quality of incoming electricity. In this case, additional requirements arise: unification, economical work on the basis of the principles of effective energy-saving technologies, environmentally friendly, safe use of materials, convenient, ergonomic control.

All these issues are taken into account in the apartment’s power supply project, the preparation of which requires good knowledge of safety regulations, operation of electrical installations, the principles of operation of electrical appliances and their structures, including the latest developments. A home foreman with the technical skills of an electrician can undertake such work independently quite problematic. It is better to entrust its implementation to a specialized organization. The power supply project is ...

When repairing or building, many apartment owners are wondering how to properly place switches or sockets in the apartment. Indeed, not only the convenience of using them depends on this, but also the safety of operation, and, consequently, health.

In order to deal with this issue correctly, we will consider the rules for their placement that existed in the recent past and the new trends that came from other countries.

In Soviet times, it was customary to install lighting switches in residential buildings near the entrance to them at the height of the shoulders of an adult or placed under the ceiling. And the sockets were mounted in the wall at a distance of 90-100 cm from the floor. Wall switches were located at a level of about 160 ÷ 180 cm from the floor. This distance was considered the most suitable, optimal for controlling light. Example of placement of the switch block ...

In residential buildings there are multi-key switch designs that are complemented by an electrical outlet. They are usually installed in the corridor on the partition at the entrance of the doors, for example: a bathroom, a bathroom, a kitchen.

They can be made in the form of vertical or horizontal structures for placement inside installation boxes built into the wall or with a housing for external use.

Such blocks are available for operation in electrical wiring equipped with the following systems: TN-S, TN-C. Sockets for connecting to the electrical circuit of an apartment equipped with the TN-S system have additional contacts for connecting working electrical appliances with a protective zero through a PE conductor, and for structures using the TN-C circuit, the grounding of the housing of household appliances is not used ...