Of all the methods developed by numerous researchers for connecting an induction motor, in practice two are most often used, called the methods of a star and a triangle. Both of them use a capacitor trigger, characterized by an accessible elemental base. The name of each method is given by the method of connecting the stator windings to the network. You can find out how they are assembled in a particular engine using a plate mounted on the body.

Usually, even on older models, you can make out the method of connecting the windings and the mains voltage for which they are created. Such information can be trusted if the engine has already been tested in operation and there are no complaints about it. But, even in this case, it is necessary to conduct electrical measurements. Let's start with a poor version of the installation of stator windings when their ends are not marked at the factory, and the zero assembly for the star circuit is made inside the case ...

Let's look at the design and purpose of solderless breadboards. What is their advantage over other types of assembly, and how to work with them, as well as what schemes you can quickly assemble for a beginner.

The first problem that a radio amateur faces is not even the lack of theoretical knowledge, but the lack of means and knowledge about how to install electronic devices. If you don’t know how this or that part works, this will not stop you from connecting it according to the circuit diagram, but in order to clearly and efficiently assemble the circuit, you need a printed circuit board. Most often they are made using the LUT method, but not everyone has a laser printer. Our fathers and grandfathers painted boards manually with nail polish or paint, and then they were etched. Here the novice is overtaken by a second problem - the lack of etching reagents ...

Sometimes it happens that although all the lights in the room are intact, the light suddenly goes out in one of the rooms, or some kind of working appliance that seems to be working, or one of the switches starts to fail, etc. Here, one has to resort to the so-called “ringing” procedure, that is, it is necessary to somehow check the integrity of some conductors.

The conductor could be damaged during repair work, the junction could burn out due to overload in poor installation conditions, and it’s not enough for which reason the wire could break off ... Often in such cases we encounter a situation where we find confused not labeled wires and twists wound with tape wrapped in tape. What to do, because it is necessary to check all the cores, identify a break, repair the fault, and the wires are mixed up? After - of course we mark the wires ...

A triac is a type of thyristor. He, like the Trinistor, has three conclusions, but the triac pn junctions are not three, but five. Two stable states, “open” and “closed,” are also characteristic of a triac: moreover, the conductivity of the triac can be controlled in two directions, despite the fact that it has only one control electrode.

Due to its versatility, it is the triac most often plays the role of a key in AC circuits for controlling various kinds of devices (for example, the engine of a grinder or a washing machine). Take a look at the drawing. There are five transitions, which in their location are similar to two on-parallel connected trinistors. If you attach plus to the electrode MT2, and minus to MT1, then it is activated(ready to go) transition sequence bottom-up n-p-n-p, and when you change the polarity at our disposal will fall...

In most automation circuits and control circuits, limit switches are used - this is an apparatus for switching an electric circuit through the action of an actuator on it. They are sometimes called limit switches. They are used in automatic electric drive devices, burglar alarm systems and other devices. We will consider a typical application in this article, we will begin from simple to complex.

I decided to start the article with what most ordinary people saw. If few people work with lathes, elevators and hoisting cranes, then everyone faced cars. The first thing that comes to mind is the limit switch, signaling an open door. In classic domestic cars, it was used to turn on interior lighting (ceiling lamp) ...

It is quite unpleasant to encounter a problem when suddenly the outlet is out of order. There are two main types of malfunctions, but there are much more variations, as well as ways to eliminate them. Let's see why all the outlets or one of them stopped working. But first, familiarize yourself with the design of the outlet.

First you need to find out the device itself. First of all, you see the front panel fixed in a frame. They are bolted to the main part through one, less often through two screws. After removing the front part, we see the main part, which is fixed in the undergrowth with the help of two bursting legs, and each of them is fixed with a screw. When you tighten the screws, the legs straighten and lock, and when you loosen, the legs lower and you can remove the outlet from the wall.If the single outlet you see in the center are two horizontally located holes for the plug, they lead to the conductive busbars. There may not be holes...

An electrical distribution panel is the heart of home wiring, so if you need to replace wiring in an apartment or house, one of the main issues is the choice of an electrical panel. In this article, we will consider the question of how to choose the right electrical panel for an apartment and a house. If we are talking about choosing an electrical panel for the apartment, then in this case, usually one panel is installed, which is installed in the hallway (corridor) of the apartment. In this case, the metering panel is usually installed on the floor, in the entrance.

The metering and distribution board on the floor can be shared by several apartments. It installs apartment metering devices, a group circuit breaker and circuit breakers individually for each apartment. The case of this shield is usually made of metal, on the front side there should be inserts of glass or transparent plastic to be able to remove ...

A voltage stabilizer is a device connected to a common electrical network and designed to maintain the output voltage within certain limits with significant fluctuations in the input voltage. When installed at the input of power supply to the apartment, this device, depending on the functionality, normalizes the parameters of the output current, and when deviations go beyond the set limits, it blocks the supply of power to all electrical equipment or individual devices.

Measurement of the voltage of the mains current at different periods of the day for a sufficiently long time will help to solve this problem. In accordance with the International requirements of IEC 60038: 2009, the values ​​should be in the range 220-240 V. In Russia, the range 198-253 V. is allowed.In most cases, the quality of energy supply in apartment buildings meets the standards. If, as a result of measurements, they were revealed ...

Microcontrollers are, first of all, devices for control, monitoring and data processing, but not for work in power circuits. Although modern chips are quite developed in terms of the presence of various protections against accidental damage in the electrical part, nevertheless, there are dangers awaiting a beginner radio amateur at every step.

How to work safely with arduino? This is the main question of the article. Consider both electrical hazards for the microcontroller, and for the entire board and its components as a whole, as well as harmful factors of mechanical origin. You can write a book about the internal structure of microcontrollers, so we will only consider the main points that you need to pay attention to when working. Microcontrollers are sensitive to both currents and voltages. Emergency operating modes are permissible only for a short time, or are unacceptable in general ...

Experiments in order to find the answer to the question of whether electrons have an inert mass were carried out by scientists in the very beginning of the 20th century. These experiments helped the scientific community of that time to establish itself in accepting the fact that the electric current in metals is formed precisely by negatively charged particles - electrons, rather than positively charged ions, as one might assume.

The first qualitative experiment, which illustrated that the charged particles forming the electric current in metals precisely possess mass, was carried out by scientists (then the Russian Empire) Leonid Isaakovich Mandelstam and Nikolai Dmitrievich Papaleksi, this took place in 1913. Three years later, in 1916, American physicists Richard Tolman and Thomas Stewart conducted a more accurate experiment, which in their work not only showed that the electron has a mass in a metal, but also measured it quite accurately ...

Agree, it’s nice to realize that the life of your LED lamp will be 5, or maybe more, years. At least that's what it says on the packaging. In fact, many sellers of LED lamps and ribbons overestimate this figure simply to attract a buyer. After all, each of us somehow wants to take care of energy saving at home or at work, and for some it is always advisable to do this with minimal expense.

This is where a frugal consumer lies in wait for a tricky trap: the average LED lamp has about 7 times more light output compared to an incandescent lamp. And this benefit overlaps with any other, seemingly desirable, arguments. But in vain. In fact, there are some factors that it is advisable to pay attention to when choosing an LED lamp, and not to miss the cheapest ...

There are several different types of electrical switchboards, each of which has its own design features and scope. In this article, we give a brief description and purpose of the existing types of shields.

According to the installation method, switchboards are of three types: overhead, built-in and floor. Overhead shields are mounted directly on a wall, support or other building construction. The main distinguishing feature of the shields of this type is that its entire body is located outside. Built-in shields are mounted in a pre-prepared recess in the wall.Thus, only the lid is visible from the outside, and the entire body is recessed into the wall. The floor guard is installed directly on the floor surface or mounted on a special stand. As for the installation location, in this case ...