A fairly large part of the population still lives in old houses with electrical wiring, which was created for small loads. Just a couple of decades ago, our parents from household appliances worked: one lamp in each room, a refrigerator, a TV, a tape recorder, a radio, stationary and connected to sockets, several portable household appliances such as an iron, hairdryer and a small set of tools.

For these consumers, as a rule, aluminum wiring 2.5 squares was created, protected by two circuit breakers or electrical plugs with an operating current of up to six amperes. Modern household appliances have an increased consumption of electricity, and their number in our apartments has increased dramatically. Powerful vacuum cleaners, washing machines, electric stoves, heated floors, food processors, microwaves ...

Stretch ceilings - one of the most popular options for finishing the ceiling in the house. One of the main advantages of suspended ceilings is the concealment of all irregularities, extraneous elements, including home wiring elements. It is very important to understand that the question of how to make wiring under a stretch ceiling must be resolved before the stretch ceiling is mounted, since there are often situations when during the repair process the issue of replacing or revising an existing wiring is neglected.

Subsequently, improperly installed electrical wiring or electrical wiring, which is in unsatisfactory technical condition, makes itself felt and there is a need to repair it, which entails additional costs for dismantling and installing the suspended ceiling in a room or throughout the house. Choosing a stretch ceiling as a finishing material ...

Electricity comes to our houses and apartments through electric wires of overhead or cable lines from transformer substations. The configuration of these networks has a significant impact on the operational characteristics of the system and, especially, the safety of people and household appliances.

In electrical installations, there is always the technical possibility of equipment damage, emergency conditions, and electrical injuries by humans. Proper organization of the grounding system reduces the risk of risk, maintain health, and eliminate damage to home appliances. By its purpose, this scheme is designed for such a case when other common systems TN-S, TN-C-S, TN-C cannot provide a high degree of security. This is very clearly indicated in paragraph PUE 1.7.57 ...

In the practice of any home master, questions periodically arise related to the finalization of the electrical circuit, when it is necessary to install an additional outlet, hang a new lamp or completely remodel the room. The question immediately arises: how is the wiring diagram of the electrical wires made, where should I connect to it?

The situation is aggravated when the building is old, the apartment was replaced by several owners, each of whom carried out repairs to his taste. As a result, inside the decorative coatings are hidden all points of electrical wiring, and the routes of laying its cables and wires are unknown. Any wiring is created by common methods and something, but it differs from all other laying schemes.The basis for creating electrical wiring is an electrical distribution panel, to which electricity is supplied from the supplying organization. It can be installed on input ...

Among the protective devices in home wiring, residual current circuit breakers (RCDs) and differential machines (difavtomats) are becoming increasingly popular. Manufacturers produce them with various types of designs for use in single-phase and three-phase power supply schemes. All these devices have a common algorithm of work.

By and large, the difference between the RCD from the differential machine is the absence in the circuit of a circuit breaker that responds to excess load currents. Therefore, the connection diagram of a single-phase or three-phase RCD from the connection diagram of a differential automaton differs only in the absence of this function. To protect against short circuits and unacceptable loads, additional current protection is required in it. A common element of these defenses is the scheme ...

Indoor artificial lighting is divided into general, the fixtures of which are usually located on the ceiling, local with wall sources used to create improved working conditions or to solve specific design goals.

According to the principle of using switches, wall lamps have designs when the switch is located on the power cord of the lamp with a plug that is inserted into a socket, mounted in the wall and connected by wiring hidden in a strob inside the wall, installed inside the lamp housing, remotely controlled, for example, using a cord or over the air using the remote control.

Recently, spotlights and spots that create directional light have become widely used. According to the control method, they can use one of the above inclusion options ...

Using electric energy, the owner of any building is interested in ensuring maximum safety during long-term operation with a high degree of reliability. These issues are especially acute in houses built of combustible materials: wood, timber and SIW panels. The latest designs have long been widely used in North America, Canada, and the Scandinavian countries. A few decades ago, they began to be built in the CIS countries.

SIP, for reference, denotes a panel with a structure of insulating materials, when a layer of expanded polystyrene is placed between two plates of OSB, which we commonly call foam. This filler may burn well, as it was in the Lame Horse building in Perm, or may not support combustion with a self-extinguishing structure that uses antipyrine additives. The quality of both grades of material can be checked ...

Any electrical equipment is created to work with a certain electrical energy, depending on the current and voltage in the network. When their value becomes larger than the designed norm, an emergency mode occurs. To prevent the possibility of its formation or to eliminate the destruction of electrical equipment, protection is called upon. They are created under the specific conditions of an accident.

The insulation of the household electrical network is calculated on the limit value of the voltage slightly above one and a half kilovolts. If it grows more, then a spark discharge begins to penetrate through the dielectric layer, which can develop into an arc that forms a fire.To prevent its development, they create protections that work according to one of two principles: disconnecting the electrical circuit of a house or apartment from high voltage, removing dangerous potential overvoltage ...