Externally, the thermocouple is arranged very simply: two thin wires are simply welded together in the form of a neat little ball. Some modern Chinese-made digital multimeters are equipped with a thermocouple, which allows you to measure the temperature not less than 1000 ° C, which makes it possible to check the heating temperature of the soldering iron or iron, which they are going to smooth the laser print to fiberglass, as well as in many other cases.

The design of such a thermocouple is very simple: both wiring are hidden in a fiberglass tube, and even do not have insulation noticeable to the eye. On the one hand, the wires are neatly welded, and on the other they have a plug for connecting to the device. Even with such a primitive design, the results of temperature measurement are not in doubt, unless, of course, the accuracy of the measurement is required ...

Lighting, light in our homes. What else could be so popular and familiar? Even a beautiful chandelier attracts our eyes only while it is new. And then, the look was used to, and nobody was just noticing it. In fact, the light conceals many more interesting opportunities that will make your life more beautiful and interesting. More precisely, it is not so much the light itself as modern management methods.

For example, such an interesting function as controlling the brightness of light sources. Firstly, there are physiological reasons for this. Indeed, for different types of human activity, there are different requirements for lighting. For example, requirements for lighting a student’s workplace. Daylight may be sufficient, but artificial lighting is required at night ...

This article discusses the use of a frequency converter and a voltage regulator to solve the problem of managing a suburban water supply system.

As an object of automation, a house was selected in a suburban cottage village, connected to a central water supply. The main disadvantage of the central water supply system in the village is the inconsistency of water pressure, in a very wide range of 0.5-1.8 atm, which by itself is not enough to comfortably take a shower or to water the entire garden at the same time.

The customer was asked to modernize the current water supply system, make an effective system for regulating the outlet pressure in the cottage and automate the irrigation system of the garden ...

The first part of the article briefly described the history of various temperature scales and their inventors Fahrenheit, Reaumur, Celsius and Kelvin. Now it’s worth getting acquainted with temperature sensors, the principles of their operation, devices for receiving data from these sensors.

In modern industrial production, many different physical quantities are measured. Of these, the mass and volume flow rate is 15%, the level of liquids is 5%, the time is not more than 4%, the pressure is about 10%, and so on. But the temperature measurement is almost 50% of the total number of technical measurements.

Such a quantity not only speaks of a wide variety of measuring instruments and, as a result, a multitude of primary transducers and temperature sensors, as well as constantly increasing requirements ...

Before you start the story about temperature sensors, you should understand what temperature is in terms of physics. Why does the human body feel a change in temperature, why we say that today it’s warm or just hot, and the next day it’s cool, or even cold.

The term temperature comes from the Latin word temperature, which in translation means normal condition or proper displacement. As a physical quantity, temperature characterizes the internal energy of a substance, the degree of mobility of molecules, the kinetic energy of particles in a state of thermodynamic equilibrium. An example is air, whose molecules and atoms move randomly. When the speed of movement of these particles increases, they say that the air temperature is high ...

To begin with, what is a voltage regulator and where did it come from? The regulator described in the article “How to properly manage warm floors?” Is considered. There I told how to use it to control warm floors. In this article, I propose to get inside this device, see what it consists of, how to properly connect the load to it.

So, the voltage regulator is a universal device designed for use in a wide range of areas: for automation and control systems for lighting, ventilation, indoor climate, for integration into smart home systems, for smooth starting of asynchronous and synchronous motors and other tasks where there are the need for smooth regulation of power at the load. Structurally, the voltage regulator has a modular design ...

How to make lighting turn on strictly according to schedule? For example, you go to work at 7.40 and return at 17.20 and want the light to be on above the front door at that time.

Imagine, come to the house, and you are already greeted by a burning lamp and you do not need to look for a switch in the dark, the light automatically turns on and after a certain time turns off independently, without your participation.

Or another example, you went to rest, but you don’t have an apartment signal, then you can create an “effect of presence”. In your absence, the light in the apartment itself will turn on and off as if no one had gone anywhere. I know people who turn off water heaters (electric titans) and electric heating boilers during the day, and turn them on only at night ...

Nowadays, photosensors are most often used to control lighting on the street and the territory adjacent to the house. (fromtwilight switches).

The photosensors turn on the light depending on the amount of natural light. Somehow it turned out that everyone had forgotten a little the most popular technical solution relative to the recent past - turning the lights on and off using the daily time switch.

Even before the advent of photoresistors and other photocells, various automatic devices with clockwork were actively used to automate lighting. These devices turned on and off the lights at a predetermined time of day. The principle of operation of these relays was based on the rotation of a software disk with holes ...